Cooling Fan: Cooling Fan Structure

The structure and air flow principles of axial flow fans, centrifugal blowers, and cross flow fans are described below.

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Axial Flow Fan

It is a cooling fan that utilizes a propeller (blade) located in an annular flow path between the cylindrical hub and casing to pressurize air, generating airflow in the direction of its rotation axis. Due to the airflow being along the rotation axis, it has a compact structure. Moreover, due to the large air flow it produces, it is suitable for applications such as ventilation and cooling, effectively cooling the entire interior of equipment.

Centrifugal Blower

The centrifugal force generated by arranging impellers (forward-facing blades) in a cylindrical shape creates a swirling flow almost perpendicular to the rotation axis. The generated swirling flow is rectified in one direction by a scroll, causing an increase in pressure.
Since the exhaust outlet is narrowed to focus air to a specified direction, this centrifugal blower is used for spot cooling. Additionally, due to its high static pressure, it is suitable for cooling devices with restricted airflow or for air supply using ducts. We refer to it as a "centrifugal blower," but it is also known as a "sirocco fan."

Cross Flow Fan

It has an impeller similar to a centrifugal blower, but both sides are covered by side plates, preventing the inflow of gas from the axial direction. Therefore, a penetration flow occurs passing through the impeller. A cooling fan that utilizes the flow of this air is called a cross flow fan. By using a long cylindrical impeller, it is possible to achieve a wide air distribution.
Additionally, by expelling the air along the circumference of the impeller in the horizontal direction, a uniform airflow can be obtained.